navy seals Essay -- essays research papers

SO YOU WANT TO BE A NAVY SEAL? From Sea, Air, and Land, the U.S. Naval force Seal Teams are the most dreaded and regarded commando powers in the U.S military if not the world. The Seal Teams are the most world class and profoundly prepared powers on the essence of the earth. President John F. Kennedy shaped the groups in 1962 as a seagoing partner to the U.S Army Special Forces. Most Seal missions are unreported and obscure to the overall population. The Seals are prepared to work in little units, a couple of men, or a company comprising of at least sixteen men. Not all Seal groups are made for everybody, in reality 80% of the men who endeavor to get one, come up short or will drop out. To turn into a Seal you should have devotion, hardwork, and a ton of duty. The way toward turning into a seal is separated into three distinct stages, Phase 1, Phase 2, and Phase 3. â€Å"The first stage begins with a blast and finishes with a boom,† says Travis Schweizer, a twenty-multi year-old Seal. Stage 1 comprises of a two and three-mile coordinated run, physical preparing, one to two mile sea swims, and a gut consuming deterrent course. These things are a piece of regular enjoyment for these men. Stage 1 goes on for around two months and that is just on the off chance that you don't get set back. The First five weeks the student’s learn life sparing, tie tying, submerged bunch tying, fundamental medical aid, and surf sections in little inflatable vessels. Alongside this is a 50-yard submerged swim, which must be finished and the understudies are frequently restored when they drop. Likewise all through out the entire a half year of BUD/S (Basic Underwater Demolition School), the Seal Teams experience numerous painful occasions and exercises. One of these being surf torment. This is the place the whole class must swim into the surf zone to their waistline, at that point plunk down with arms connected. Just to tell you the water in Coronado, California never gets over sixty-eight degrees throughout the mid year and fifty-eight degrees throughout the winter. There the men with connected arms will stay there for a considerable length of time at once, soon the virus sucks out the entirety of their body warmth and the entire class is shuddering as one as the waves crash over yonder heads. After this the men will wind up doing long stretches of workout to heat up, just to return neglected water for a couple of more hours. This is an extremely powerful approach to show an expected Seal to intellectually oppose the impacts of hypothermia,... ...o the understudies who are in SEAL preparing, yet have not yet finished each of the 3 stages). The twenty or so men who graduate with harsh faces and solidified bodies, demonstrate little likeness to the wide peered toward kids who showed up on the quarter-deck six and half months sooner to head out on a mind-blowing excursion. The snapshot of reflection and rest is fleeting however. For the present it is set for bounce school, at that point doled out to a Seal group on the East or West Coast. Once on the Seal Team, it turns out to be evident that preparation has quite recently started. Starting now and into the foreseeable future they should demonstrate deserving of wearing the pined for â€Å"Trident† Naval Warfare seal. Once at Jump School these decided men will currently begin learning the best possible procedures of leaping out of a totally decent plane. This is known as Post BUD/s preparing. This is a thirty-week course that encourages you all that you have to think a bout war battle, and bouncing techniques.â â â â â      Though overwhelming and dreary, the awards for difficult work and considering are precious. You leave the military with an entirely different significance of life. To have the option to secure your companions, family, and nation is a respect that anybody ought to have the option to appreciate.

Investment Decision free essay sample

Tianfu Electronics Ltd is an average sized gadgets maker situated in Chengdu, China. The organization president is Dr. Wang Datong, an alum from Tsinghua University, who established the organization 20 years prior. The organization initially fixed radios and other family apparatuses. Throughout the years, the organization ventured into assembling and is presently a trustworthy maker of different electronic things. Meng Xiaolan, an ongoing MBA move on from Fudan University, has been employed by the company’s account division. One of the significant income creating things made by Tianfu is an individual computerized colleague (PDA). Tianfu as of now has one PDA model available, and deals have been fantastic. The PDA is an exceptional thing in that it arrives in an assortment of tropical hues and is prearranged to play customary and current music. In any case, similarly as with any electronic thing, innovation changes quickly, and the present PDA has restricted highlights in correlation with more up to date models. Tianfu burned through 1,815,000 yuan (RMB) to build up a model for another PDA that has all the highlights of the current PDA however includes new highlights, for example, phone capacity. We will compose a custom article test on Speculation Decision or then again any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The organization has spent a further 390,000 yuan for a promoting study to decide the normal marketing projections for the new PDA. Tianfu can produce the new PDA for 150 yuan each in factor costs. Fixed expenses for the activity are assessed to run 4. 5 million yuan for each year. The evaluated deals volume is 70,000, 80,000, 100,000, 85,000, and 75,000 for every year for the following five years, separately. The unit cost of the new PDA will be 340 yuan. The vital gear can be bought for 19. 5 million yuan and will be deteriorated on a sevenyear calendar, with the devaluation rates for the initial five years being. It is accepted that the market estimation of the gear in five years will be 3. 3 million yuan. As recently expressed, Tianfu right now fabricates a PDA. Creation of the current model is required to be ended in two years. On the off chance that Tianfu doesn't present the new PDA, deals will be 80,000 joins together and 60,000 units for the following two years, separately. The cost of the current PDA is 280 yuan for every unit, with variable expenses of 120 yuan each and fixed expenses of 1. 8 million yuan for every year. On the off chance that Tianfu introduces the new PDA, deals of the current PDA will fall by 15,000 units for every year, and the cost of the current units should be brought down to 240 yuan each. Net working capital for the PDAs will be 20 percent of deals and will happen with the planning of the incomes for the year; for instance, there is no underlying cost for NWC, however changes in NWC will initially happen in year 1 with the first year’s deals. Tianfu has a 25 percent corporate expense rate and a 12 percent required return. a. Wang Datong has asked Meng Xiaolan to set up a report and decide the IRR and NPV of the task. What ought to Xiaolan propose for the choice? b. Tianfu has an inactive bit of hardware that can be utilized for the new venture, which, whenever utilized, can decrease the acquisition of essential new gear and its rescue an incentive in five years by 20%. The inert hardware right now has a book estimation of 4. 05 million yuan, and is to be deteriorated to focus in four years in the straight-line technique. The present market estimation of the inactive hardware is 3. 735 million yuan and will have no rescue an incentive in five years. What are the IRR and NPV if the inert gear is utilized? Think about the distinction in your outcomes among (an) and (b) and quickly examine.

How to Give Instructions a Child With ADHD Can Follow

How to Give Instructions a Child With ADHD Can Follow ADHD Living With ADD/ADHD Print How to Give Instructions That a Child With ADHD Can Follow Tips for better behavior By Keath Low Keath Low, MA, is a therapist and clinical scientist with the Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities at the University of North Carolina. She specializes in treatment of ADD/ADHD. Learn about our editorial policy Keath Low Updated on May 14, 2018 ADHD Overview Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Living With In Children Tetra Images/Getty Images Kids with ADHD respond best to directions that are direct, simple, and clear. This helps to ensure success in following your instructions â€" and success leads to a whole raft of positive outcomes. Why Chatty Instructions Dont Work for ADHD Kids Mom is washing dishes in the sink. The water is running and dishes are clinking. Her back is turned as she calls out, “Joe, finish eating your breakfast, and then brush your teeth and grab your backpack. You don’t want to be late. Oh, and don’t forget to grab your project. It’s due today and you worked so hard on it. Hold it carefully in your lap when you are on the school bus. You don’t want anything to happen to it.” To a child with ADHD, the directions probably sounded more like this: “Joe, finish eating your breakfast...something about the bus...blah, blah, blah.” Then Joe becomes distracted by the sound of the water running in the sink, and it makes him think of swimming, and that makes him think of summertime. He looks forward to swimming and playing Marco Polo at the pool with his brother and friends. He hopes Randall isn’t at the pool a lot this summer  because Randall is so bossy. That girl in science class is kind of bossy, too. Joe becomes consumed by his own shifting thoughts and isn’t even aware of mom’s talking. Your child’s distractions and tuning out are not purposeful, though to a parent it can be quite exasperating. With long, drawn-out directions, an ADHD child quickly finds himself in information overload. The important points you are trying to make become difficult to process, especially as he is distracted by his own thoughts or things going on around him. Rather than being able to successfully follow your directions, he misses them altogether. This sets both of you up for frustration, and it sets your child up for failure rather than success. How to Give Clear Directions Your Kid Can Follow Successfully Here are some simple tips for increasing your childs compliance when you give him a direction. You also may want to share these tips with your child’s teacher at school. When giving directions, move closer to your child and get his attention by touching his shoulder or arm and saying his name.Make sure you have eye contact with your child as you give the direction.Give simple, actionable instructions. For example, say “Put your homework folder in your book bag,” rather than Get ready for school.Speak clearly in a firm voice.If you need to provide explanation  say it before giving the direction. For example, We have to go to Grandmas right after school today so we arent late for her dinner. If you want to play with toys at Grandmas, pick some out and give them to me now. If you wait and say it after giving your child the direction, he may forget your original command.After giving the direction, wait a few seconds and stay by your child to make sure he maintains his attention on the task. If he complies and properly follows through with your direction, praise him immediately for a job well done. If youre not sure he fully understood the instruction s, ask him to repeat them in his own words.If your child does not comply, give him an IF…THEN statement that specifies your expectations and the consequences for not complying. For example, “If you don’t put the folder in your backpack right now, then you will lose 10 minutes off your computer time.”  If your child complies, give him praise. If he does not comply, follow through with the loss of something, like computer time privilege.Be consistent and calm in your approach, and connect with other adults in your childs life to be sure you are all giving the same messages in the same way.

Teen Suicide Is it Preventable - 1074 Words

Cindy, Juliette’s mother, walked into the attic and found a sight she was not prepared for. Expecting her daughter to be sitting on the floor doing homework or watching television on the couch, but she was hanging from the wooden rafters; her face as pale as a ghost’s. Juliette was only sixteen years old and her life was now over. Looking back now, Cindy realized that Juliette had been showing signs of depression ever since her sister was tragically killed in an automobile accident. Cindy blames herself because she should have gotten her daughter counseling or some other form of help, but she thought that Juliette was still getting over her sister’s death. A teen suicide is a tragic incident to happen in anyone’s life, but most people do†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"While teens are taking fewer drugs than they have in years suicide remains a problem so entrenched that it is prompting the medical community to re-evaluate how it identifies and treats suicidal adolescents† (Anna Mulrine 1). More than 500 schools are offering depression screenings in the upcoming school year, because eight percent of students in high school attempted suicide last year. School counselors should have special training to know when to recognize students who could possibly be suicidal, but over one third of them cannot identify them. Parents should simply ask their child if they have ever thought of killing their self; it is better to know before and get them help than having to plan their funeral. If they are depressed, there are people who can help them overcome that obstacle in life. Jessica attempted to kill herself when she was thirteen years old. When she recovered she told her coach she just wanted attention, but just before her school graduation, she swallowed enough pills to put her in a coma for three days. When she awoke she decided she would talk with a counselor for the first time. Jessica is now twenty-four and married with two chi ldren. Kelsey, who suffered from depression and suicide for years, swallowed eighteen Tylenol PM Pills one year after her brother ended his life, but she was lucky enough to have survived. †Suicide attempts are not stunts† (Douglas Jacobs 1). They canShow MoreRelatedInformative Speech On Teen Suicide989 Words   |  4 Pages Topic: Teen Suicide Awareness Teenage suicide is preventable, and ways that the society can help prevent are through the media, in schools, and in a Teens home. General Purpose: To bring awareness to my audience on teen suicide Specific Purpose: To inform and persuade my audience to take an active role in teen suicide awareness and prevention. Thesis: Spreading Awareness to teen suicide is a means to answering their silent cry by getting knowledge and donating, After all, knowledge is a veryRead MoreTeen Suicide Essay1679 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Suicide of any kind is an act in which a person takes his or her own life. FACT: Suicide is a prevalent cause of death among America’s youth today.Each and every day almost 1000 teenagers think about suicide and about 0.018% of them will be successful in committing it.† It is an ongoing problem that is often described as uncalled for immature and unnecessary. But having a deeper understanding and better knowledge are some key factors for preventing teenage suicide. This â€Å"problem† most likely startRead More†¢Title: â€Å"Reduce Suicide Attempts By Adolescents†. †¢Dates1716 Words   |  7 Pages†¢ Title: â€Å"Reduce Suicide Attempts by Adolescents† †¢ Dates of Implementation: January 26, 2017 and March 8-9, 2017 †¢ Healthy People 2020 Topic: Mental Health and Mental Disorders †¢ Healthy People 2020 Objective: MHMD-2: Reduce suicide attempts by adolescents (Healthy People, 2020, n.d.) †¢ My SLEP action plan is designed to educate the students of Boaz High School Health Science Department on the causes, signs and prevention of suicide attempts. I plan to make a pamphlet to hand out to all studentsRead MoreTeen Suicide And Teenage Suicide1371 Words   |  6 PagesGutierrez Concepcion Gutierrez-Yanez Mrs. Gallos English 3 Honors April 6, 2017 Teen Suicide Brandy Vela, an eighteen-year-old high school student, committed suicide right in front of her family. Due to all the bullying over her weight, and especially in social media, she pulled the trigger and ended her life. It is said that her sister had heard a noisy disturbance and when she went upstairs to her sister’s room, she found Vela holding a gun pointing at her chest. â€Å"She is just crying and cryingRead MoreBullying and Teen Suicide Essay779 Words   |  4 Pages Lives are slowly being lost due to suicide and not only is it affecting themselves but also the people who are around them. Suicide is defined as taking of one’s own life and it is an issue that should be given all attention to. Teen suicide has been talked about in every source of media and it still continues to have a harmful effect in todays generation. In the United States the eighth leading cause of death is suicide, within developing teens, suicide is the third leading cause of their deathsRead MoreConsidering The Causes Behind Increased Teenage Suicide.1536 Words   |  7 Pages Considering the Causes Behind Increased Teenage Suicide Yesterday, 16-year-old Rachel decided to commit suicide-- an all too common increased trend in America as suicide is the third leading cause of death for 15- to 24-year-olds (â€Å"Teen Suicide Is Preventable†). Rachel felt like she could not handle her life anymore. Her parents were in the process of getting a divorce, she was being bullied at school, was having trouble succeeding in academics and co-curricular activities, and was recently beenRead MoreHypothesis Teen Suicide875 Words   |  4 PagesOver a time span of one year, 2003 to 2004, suicide amongst children, especially teens has risen drastically. Contemplating suicide at any age is horrible. When a teenage, who has the ability to make informed decisions and has all the potential in the world, considers committing suicide, this is a tragedy. The tragedy suicide is the third leading cause of death among young people ages 15-24. Suicide is the second leading cause of death among college students. This paper attempts to list theoriesRead MoreEssay about Teen Suicide916 Words   |  4 Pagesfaced with problems on a daily basis. When they are unable to deal with those daily hassles, serious problems can develop within the teen that can ultimately lead to resulting effects including depression or even suicide. Suicide in teens is one of the most traumatic and problematic issues that we face today in not only adults but many adolescents as well. Today suicide is one of the top causes for death in teenagers, out shadowed only by homicides and accidents. Some of the top â€Å"accidents† includeRead MoreShould Students Be Receive A Better Education About Mental Illness?894 Words   |  4 PagesEvery teenager lost to suicide leaves behind scared and confused loved ones. Despite being a prosperous country, the United States is plagued with a sickness that cannot be as easily cured as chicken pox and is even more difficult for many Americans to understand. When one is ill, they go to the hospi tal, but when one suffers from a mental illness, he or she is often met with scrutiny and shame. Should students be given a better education about mental illness, stigma towards the mentally ill be removedRead MoreTeen Suicide Essay examples1104 Words   |  5 Pages Suicide is a major problem worldwide, especially for teenagers. Self image plays a big roll in American society today, especially in enabling someone to make a wrong and destructive decision like suicide. Self image and low esteem effect the chances of a teenagers suicide greatly. There are many events that lead up to a young persons suicide, for instance a little problem that seems inescapable which manifests themselves into overwhelming burdens. Detection and prevention are both key for adults

Arts Free Essays

One of these checks recently preformed was of a 67 year old patient who presented for a hysterectomy. She ended up with complications and subsequent treatment for these complications, all care was provided by Nightingale Community Hospital. Mistakes were made with this patients care and corrective actions will be taken. We will write a custom essay sample on Arts or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is cases like these we strive to correct, in order to become â€Å"the hospital of choice for patients, employees, physicians, volunteers, and the community. † (Nightingale Community Hospital, p. ) In order to learn and grow from the mistakes made with our tracer patient, we must identify specific mistakes made and develop a corrective action plan to address the improvements we are going to make. According to the information provided by our tracer patient’s worksheet, it was determined the patient presented for â€Å"librarianship hysterectomy that was converted to an open procedure due to excessive bleeding approximately five weeks prior to hospitalizing. † After examining our patient’s worksheet, or fact sheet, a few items throughout their care with us was not up to standards. First mistake found was our tracer patient did not have an admissions assessment thin the 24-hour window, starting with the time of admissions. The tracer patient’s physical was done over 72 hours after admission. Second, the staff reported completing a functional assessment but there was no documentation supporting this claim in her chart. Third, the nurse evaluated the need for an advance directive, found none to be present, and requested the family bring one with them. The family never followed through and did not provide it. Fourth, the nurses did not update the tracer patient’s plan of care since the surgery, and this assessment was done 5 weeks after surgery upon re-admittance. Fifth, a pain assessment is supposed to be done within an hour after pain medications are given. The night before this assessment, the follow up was done over an hour after the pain medication was distributed 4 times. Sixth, the tracer patient’s oxygen tanks were not secured properly and her room’s air vents were dirty. Seventh, the nurse was not able to explain range order or give a proper range in milliards. Eighth, hand off communication is poor when patient transfers units and or providers. The SD, OR nurse and PACIFIC nurses employed all evaluation tasks properly. As you can see, many steps required for safety were either incomplete or overlooked. In order to bring this tracer patient up to the standards of the Joint commission a corrective action plan needs to be made. For this assessment I am going to concentrate on the issues of medication range orders and communication during the hand off process. Medication range orders are very important because they can prevent over fusing and under dosing. Over dosing has obvious consequences or poisoning and even death, under dosing can lead to the patient Ewing in unnecessary pain. The hand – off process is very important and was addressed in prior assessments. This is where most mistakes within a hospital take place. A hand-off can include when a patient goes from one department from another or even when there is Just a shift change. In our previous case, the disorientation or the hand off lead to one of Nightingale Community Hospital’s patient’s Tina, to be discharged to a parent who did not have custody of her, resulting in a sentinel event. 2. 1 . Nightingale Community Hospital needs to repeat the steps taken to evaluate the racer patient on a wider range of patients. They need to re-evaluate the care of at least 100 patients receiving general anesthesia and inpatient surgery within the last 60 days. This is an important step to take to make sure these mistakes were not made as an isolated incident and more as an over all hospital wide issue. Assuming these mistakes are typical to Nightingale Community Hospital, it should proceed with the following steps. 2. Nightingale Community Hospital will concentrate on two specific failures: medication range orders and communication during hand off process. These areas need to be a priority because they have the greatest consequences. Poor communication leads to almost all patient issues and medication dosage can quickly lead to fatalities. . In regards to hand offs and transferring, the Joint commission requires â€Å"The hospital’s process for hand-off communication provides for the opportunity for discussion between the giver and receiver of patient information. Note: Such information may include the patient’s condition, care, treatment, medications, services, and any recent or anticipated changes to any of these. Anoint C ommission, 2014, p. 1) As described in the tracer patients information, the hand-off preformed was â€Å"Disjointed hand-off process, inconsistent use of handcuff form. To correct this staff, specifically all nurses and transport staff, will be re-trained how to transfer patients. Executives and unit super visors will collaborate on making a check off list, including such items as patient condition review, care treatment, medications and services (as recommended by the Joint Commission), which the two providers who are handing off the patient will both initial and review. . After the executives and unit supervisors develop the check off lists for all departments, an online training session will be mandatory for all employees. It will followed with a brief in person review of all employees by their unit super visors within 30 days of the implementation and the results will be kept in all employee files. The people responsible for this issues are the nurses and the transport staff. A measure of success is going to be a check off list, which has specific questions both the send off person and the receiving staff will have to fill out. Both of the questionnaires will be filed in the patients chart and their will be a set for each hand off the patient encores throughout the day. The question air protocol will start in two weeks from today. This will go on for one week throughout the entire hospital. Each of the lead super visors for each division or floor will then compile these questionnaires, compile a report for each staff member and review the findings with the staff member within 20 days following the one week assessment. They will discuss what can be improved generally and what the employee needs to specifically irking, if anything. C. Similar actions will be taken for range order re-training. Range orders are â€Å"medications in which the medication does may vary over a prescribed range, depending on the patient status. † (, 2009, p. 2) The important of training for range orders is clear. If over dosed, a patient can be killed, and if under dosed, the patient is in pain. Again, the executives and department super visors will collaborate to create range order guidelines and a re-training program. Rather then having this training be an all staff and employee requirement, range order training ill only be implemented with employees who distribute medications. Training should spread further then physicians and nurses, but also to Urn’s aids and certified nursing staff. It is important for them to have this basic training, even through they are not changing the distribution amounts, but they will be better able to spot a mistake if they have further training. The people responsible for this action are all staff members who distribute the medications. The measurement of success is going to be an audit, done by the nursing lead for the day. The lead will audit all charts for he last two hours of each persons shift. The staff will not be informed of this audit. The lead will look over any medications passed to the patient. Calculate what the text book dosage range is, make sure what was given to the patient was within this range. The lead will have on week from tomorrow to start these audits. They will go on for one 24 hours period throughout the hospital. The leads will have one week to compile the data, and one week following to have the reviews with the staff. During the review and nurse will distribute a pamphlet overgrowing orange order dosing. How to cite Arts, Papers

Marketing Plan For Camel Milk Victoria - MyAssignmentHelp

Question: Discuss about theMarketing Plan for Camel Milk Victoria. Answer: Introduction In this paper, the expansion-marketing plan of the dairy farm, Camel Milk Victoria, will be developed in Australia and overseas to increase the market of the company. This plan will cover the coming five-year strategy in which process the company will flourish its business in the new market. Therefore, in this study the marketing plan for the company will be developed to expand their business by considering the well-established rivals in the new country. Company Background Camel Milk Victoria is the dairy farm situated in Victoria, the southwest state of Australia, where the company sells camel milk and various products related to that to the people. According to Cravens and Piercy (2006), this is the first company in Victoria who has the license to sell the camel milk in the city. The main product of this company is the camel milk, which they claimed to sale as fresh with no additives as well as preservatives. Therefore, the milk that they sale is completely pure and natural. Along with this, the company sells a soap, which is made of some special ingredients for the sensitive skin types. In this company, all types of camels are available for sale. They sale female and male camels between the age group of 5-9 months old with halter and rope trained. Moreover, the company is selling and supplying camel milk, various products made from camels milk and camels too. Current Marketing Situation The current market of this company is operating mainly in the southwest part of the country to provide camel milk to the customers. In recent time, the company is doing well in their business, as the product is unique and helpful too. Therefore, the demand in the customers has increased for the camel milk and the camel milk products that can be used in various purposes. The market of this company is spread in the southwest part of country where the customers are mainly very health conscious and know about the usefulness of camels milk. Additionally, it is not only helpful for the health but it can be used to cure some diseases like diabetes, insulin problems, autism, food allergies, skin conditions, cancer and lactose intolerance. Therefore, the demand of the camel milk is increasing day by day among the customers of the country. The increased demand is creating the scope for the company to expand their business in the areas of the country where their stores are not reached still now . The aim of the company is to expand their existing market in the other parts of the country where the customers of this camel milk is increasing. The company is now available in the areas of the country, mostly in the posh areas of the city Victoria, where the customers are aware of the usefulness of the camel milk. In this case, the company has expanded their stores in the areas of New South Wales, South Australia and obviously in Victoria. It has not its store in the areas of Sydney, Melbourne and in the northern part of the country. Therefore, the company is trying to expand their business now in the parts of the country where they have no stores but demand is high. The people of the places from where the company get online orders must be their target customers in this purpose. Therefore, they want to spread their business to the places where they can get these target customers. Market Description The company is recently working in the areas of Australia where the people are more conscious about their health and fitness. Therefore, most of the people in the cities crave for the camel milk that is very helpful for the health. Therefore, the market of this company is now increasing in the places where they can get the customers who need the product of this company regularly. In this market plan, the company is setting a market procedure for next five years in which they can flourish their business to their target market. Benefits and Product Features In the present time, the people are very conscious about their food habits. They always try to eat and drink those healthy things that will be useful for their health. The products that can harm their body and health are avoided in a top priority. The main product of the Camel Milk Victoria is the camel milk and products derived from the milk. Therefore, it can be said that the product is a very healthy drink for the people to include in the regular food habit. Along with this, there are many usefulness of the product in the medical purpose as it helps to cure many diseases. Therefore, if the company will expand their stores in more places of the country, then the people can easily get these benefits from the products of the company. Product Review The main product of the company is camel milk. Along with this, the company sales the products made from the camel milk such as, soap, laundry powder, lip balm, camels etc. The feature and benefits of the products of this company is shown below: Product Features Benefits Camel Milk The camels are fed regularly a mix of fresh grass, cereal hay, Lucerne, and grain. Therefore, the milk collected from these camels are very fresh, no additives and preservatives. It is also safe for human consumption as the milk is pasteurised at the gentlest of heat to kill the bad pathogens if any present. The camel milk possesses substantially higher protein than the other milk. It has the antibacterial properties, which present in the other milk in a very low level. The milk is beneficial for the people as it contains 30% less fat and 40% less lactose than the cow milk. The milk is helpful for the patients who are suffering from the diseases like tuberculosis, cancer, autism, stomach ulcers and some more with improving the immune system. Camel Milk Soap The soap is handmade without any use of machine. Therefore, the usefulness of the camel milk is available in the soap. It is very moisturising without any aroma and suitable for sensitive type of skin. Therefore, using it the customers will not feel any irritation. The soap is made from the camel milk and the moisturising nature of the milk is present in the soap. Therefore, it is beneficial for the skin patients who can use this soap without any irritation and skin disease. Camels The company also offers camels for sale. There are male and female camels between the ages of 5 to 9 months. The camels are also trained in halter and rope. The camel is a very helpful animal for the people if it can be took care in a proper way. Therefore, the people who want to get the camel milk and also want to use the camel in their regular requirement, then they can easily use them for their personal as well as professional purpose. Online Products The company is also offering their products in their website where they are selling the products like camel milk, soap, laundry powder etc. The people who do not get the reach of the stores of this company or do not avail the shop, they can get the products from the online. The delivery will be done in the right time without harming the product. Therefore, this is very beneficial for the customers who cannot get the access of the stores of this company but want to buy the products; they get their required products from the online system. Competitive Review Channels and Logistics Review SWOT Analysis The Camel Milk Victoria has some strength in their products as well as has some drawbacks that have to be overcome by the company to get more profit in future from the business. As the company is trying to expand their business in the new places of the country, therefore, they have to first analyse the strengths and weakness of the organisation to segment their market for presenting their products in the right place on right time. This needs a very in-depth analysis of the recent market situation to implement a new market plan for the future five years to attain the desired profitability in business. Therefore, the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the business have to be analysed first. Strengths Weaknesses The company sells camel milk The camel milk products are also sold in online Produce health conscious milk products Fast growing business in Australia One of the most growing economy that is largest producer Maintain the product quality Trained staffs and good management group Only sells camel milk The products are very expensive Weak organised retailing and established cold chain Unavailability of stores in some areas where the demand of the customers is very high Opportunities Threats People turning health conscious Fast growing economy of business Expansion opportunity due to large market Changing lifestyle and increasing preferences for milk and milk products Increasing demand among the patients for which the camel milk is very helpful Product quality Expensive than the cow milk, goat milk Drought and flood and other natural disaster Diseases among the camels Unhygienic practices by the farmers in the camel farm Uncontrolled use of the antibiotics as well as medicines The SWOT analysis is showing that the company has some opportunities to expand their business with using their strengths and avoiding the weakness. This will help them to plan the market strategy for the next five years in which way they will lead their business operations. Strengths The Company has one of the most important strength that it sells camel milk, which is itself a very useful product. Therefore, the company can expand their business based on the product made of camel milk fir the health conscious consumers. Weaknesses As the company only sells the camel milk, therefore they have no opportunity to expand their business in other products than camel milk. Therefore, the product is very expensive. Along with this, the company has a weak organisation chain that prevents them to expand their business. Therefore, to overcome the weaknesses the company has to avoid these problems before developing the expansion-marketing plan. Opportunities The people are changing their life style and tending to get a healthy and fit life. Therefore, they want to take some drink that will be helpful for their health as well as give a nutritious advantage to the immune system. The camel milk is the best that suits the customers requirements and expectations to become healthier. Therefore, in the places where the company has no trace of stores then the customers will get more opportunity to buy the camel milk. It will increase the economy of the company. Threats The Company has the threat from the other dairy farms that sells their product in a low price than camel milk. As it is very expensive then not all type of customers can afford it. Therefore, it has the threats from the other companies that sell the same dairy products of cow milk or goat milk. Therefore, to expand the business the company has to increase the quality of their products as well as the distribution procedures. Objectives and Issues The company has to develop the marketing plan for the next five years. Therefore, they have to determine a set of objectives to attain the desired business expansion. The objectives are In the first two year, the company will focus on the market research to find out the places where they can get their target customers to open new stores there. In the next two years, they will focus on the establishment of the store in the places where they think that they will get the opportunity to sell their products. In the last year, the financial incensement will be getting the focus for the company to get their desired profitability. The company has only the issue in expanding their business is that they have already set their reputation among the customers. Therefore, while expanding they have to take care of their product quality that should not be affected by the expansion policy. Marketing Strategy The marketing strategy for the company to expand the business in the areas of Australia and overseas, the company needs to select their preferred target market in the area. The company is mainly targeting the people who are more health conscious and always eat or drink healthy things for remain fit. Therefore, the main aim of this expansion strategy is to reach their products to the customers who wanted to drink camel milk for being fit. Along with this, the companys aim is to reach the milk to the patients who are suffering from the diseases like diabetes, TB, Cancer, autism etc. Positioning Product Strategy The company will sell their main product camel milk to the customers in the new places. The company is mainly opening new stores in the areas of northern part of Australia where the company has no stores still now. It has been observed by the company authority that the customers are demanding the camel milk and the other product of them to become healthier. Therefore, they are offering the customers, who are their regular customers in the online business, half litre camel milk free in the first purchase from the new store. The products will be provided with proper packaging with the logo of their company that is a photo of camel. The camel milk soap will be also packed in a proper package and it is given a shape of camel to attract the customers. Pricing Strategy The products of Camel Milk Victoria are normally very expensive than the other milk such as, of cow or goat, Therefore, the company will offer a discount in their price level in the first three purchases. In the new stores of the company, when the customers will buy the camel milk and the other products, then they will get a discount in the price of the milk. Generally, the price of 1 Litre packed camel milk in bottle is A$21. There is a special offer for the regular customers of the company. The customers who are the regular consumer of the camel milk and other camel milk products will get a gift hamper with every purchase from any new store. These prices reflect a strategy of attracting desirable channel partners. Distribution Strategy The distribution strategy helps the organisers to understand the process in which way they will sell their products. During the first year, we will add channel partners until we have coverage in all major metropolitan markets and the product is included in the major electronics catalogues and websites. We will also investigate distribution through mobile phone outlets maintained by major phone carriers. Marketing Organisation By integrating all messages in all media, we will reinforce the brand name and the main points of product differentiation. Research about media consumption patterns will help our advertising agency choose appropriate media and timing to reach prospects before and during product introduction. Thereafter, advertising will appear on a pulsing basis to maintain brand awareness and communicate various differentiation messages. The agency will also coordinate public relations efforts to build the Sonic brand and support the differentiation message. To create buzz, we will host a user-generated video contest on our website. To attract, retain and motivate channel partners for a push strategy, we will use trade sales promotions and personal selling. Until the Sonic brand has been established, our communications will encourage purchases through channel partners rather than from our website. Conclusion While concluding the plan, it can be said that the marketing plan for the nest five year of Camel Milk Victoria will be beneficial to attain their organisational objectives. Therefore, the discussion of the marketing strategy can be helpful for the company to plan their next steps in what policy they will increase the market and will reach their target people. Reference List Cravens, D.W. and Piercy, N., 2006.Strategic marketing(Vol. 7). New York: McGraw-Hill. Cohen, W.A., 2005.The marketing plan. John Wiley Sons. Peter, J.P. and Donnelly, J.H., 2011. Marketing management: knowledge and skills: text, analysis, cases, plans. Jain, S.C. and Haley, G.T., 2009.Marketing planning and strategy. Cincinnati South-Western Publishing Company 1985. Hiebing, R.G. and Cooper, S.W., 2000.The successful marketing plan. NTC/Contemporary Publishing Group. Neyhard, J., Tauer, L. and Gloy, B., 2013. Analysis of price risk management strategies in dairy farming using whole-farm simulations.Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics,45(02), pp.313-327. Shanoyan, A., Ross, R.B., Gow, H.R. and Peterson, H.C., 2014. Long-term sustainability of third-party facilitated market linkages: Evidence from the USDA marketing assistance program in the Armenian dairy industry.Food Policy,46, pp.157-164. Park, T., Mishra, A.K. and Wozniak, S.J., 2014. Do farm operators benefit from direct to consumer marketing strategies?.Agricultural Economics,45(2), pp.213-224. Lenjiso, B.M., Smits, J. and Ruben, R., 2015, May. Transforming dairy production and marketing: An essential step in ensuring food and nutritional security among smallholder farmers in rural Ethiopia. InHumanitarian Technology Conference (IHTC2015), 2015 IEEE Canada International(pp. 1-7). IEEE. Rajendran, K. and Achchuthan, S., 2014. Marketing Challenges in Dairy and Paddy Sector Development. Individual Farmers Perspective: Evidence from Sri Lanka.Kajananthan, R., Achchuthan, S.(2013). Marketing Challenges in Dairy and Paddy sector Development. Individual Farmers Perspective: Evidence from Sri Lanka. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development,4(1), pp.150-157. Dutreuil, M., Wattiaux, M., Hardie, C.A. and Cabrera, V.E., 2014. Feeding strategies and manure management for cost-effective mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions from dairy farms in Wisconsin.Journal of dairy science,97(9), pp.5904-5917. Australia, D., 2014. Australian Dairy Industry.Dairy Australia. Available online: www. dairyaustralia. com. au/Industry-information/About-the-industry. aspx. Beggs, D.S., Fisher, A.D., Jongman, E.C. and Hemsworth, P.H., 2015. A survey of Australian dairy farmers to investigate animal welfare risks associated with increasing scale of production.Journal of dairy science,98(8), pp.5330-5338. Wheeler, S.A., Zuo, A. and Hughes, N., 2014. The impact of water ownership and water market trade strategy on Australian irrigators farm viability.Agricultural Systems,129, pp.81-92. Harris, D., 2016. Policy Design and Industry Development Plans: Dairy Industry Experiences in Asia and Australia. InCricial Agricultural policy: Analysis of Key Threats to Food Security(pp. 235-271). Lubcke, T., 2014. A Viking Legacy and Australian Cuisine.ecosystems,1, p.30. Boland, M., Singh, H. and Thompson, A. eds., 2014.Milk proteins: from expression to food. Academic Press. Crameri, G., Durr, P.A., Barr, J., Yu, M., Graham, K., Williams, O.J., Kayali, G., Smith, D., Peiris, M., Mackenzie, J.S. and Wang, L.F., 2015. Absence of MERS-CoV antibodies in feral camels in Australia: Implications for the pathogen's origin and spread.One Health,1, pp.76-82. Roy, K., Kanwar, R.K. and Kanwar, J.R., 2013. Targeting viral hepatitis using natural milk protein and traditional medicinal herbs.Journal of Clinical Cellular Immunology,2012. Munir, M.T., Munir, A.R., ul Hasan, M. and Abubakar, M., 2014. Epidemiology and Management Strategies of Johnes disease in Endemic Situations. Johnson, V., Dileri, S. and Ywa, N.E., 2012. Financial life in a new setting: experiences of Afghan and Burmese (Chin and Karen) communities in Melbourne, Australia. Liu, Z., Cocks, B.G. and Rochfort, S., 2016. Comparison of Molecular Species Distribution of DHA-Containing Triacylglycerols in Milk and Different Infant Formulas by Liquid ChromatographyMass Spectrometry.Journal of agricultural and food chemistry,64(10), pp.2134-2144.

The Pressures Of White Expansionism Led The United States Government T

The pressures of white expansionism led the United States Government to find ways to remove the Native Americans from their fertile lands. Spurred by this pressure, and the need to fulfill his campaign promise to open Indian land for settlement, Andrew Jackson pushed through Congress the Removal Act. The Act allowed the government to negotiate treaties with the various Native American tribes, pay them for their lands, relocate them to western lands, and support the tribes for one year after removal. President Jackson, more than anyone else, was responsible for the fate of the five civilized tribes of the southeast. When the state of Georgia annexed the Cherokee Nation's land within Georgia territory against all treaties the Federal Government had with the Cherokee Nation, Jackson support it, even going as far as to ignore the Supreme Court when it ruled the Georgia annexation unconstitutional and the Cherokee Nation as an Independent Domestic Nation. In another era Jackson's actions would have been deemed treasonousand a total abuse of executive power but in the 1830's, the growing population, the need to expand to accomodate this growth and perhaps Congress' reluctance to submit the country to constitutional debate of power led to the removal of the indians.Indian Reaction The leaders of the Cherokee Nation and other tribes knew that fighting the white settlers would gibe the national and state governments an excuse to send in troops and take away land.The Cherokee nation responded with diplomacy. Several chief went to Washington to plead their case, pointing out the legal treaties between the Cherokee Nation and the United States gauranteeing them their land. The removal issue was hotly debated in Congress. Support forth tribes by Henry Clay, Davy Crockett, Daniel Webster and other prominent statesmen feel on deaf ears. The issue was also being fought in the legal system. In Worcester vs.Georgia, Chief Justice John Marshall ruled that the laws of Georgia were invalid in Cherokeeland and that The Cherokee land belongs to the Cherokee. The ruling was not enforced by the Executive branch with President Jackson refusing to do so. Dishearten and divided the Cherokee Nation broke into two factions, for removal or against. John Ross, Cherokee Nation chief, led the larger group against removal while MajorRidge led the smaller group for removal. Major Ridge and his faction sighneda treaty with the United States Government for five million dollars. The government was fullyaware that ridge didn't represent the majority of the Cherokee Nation, but they validated the treaty anyway. With this, the fate of the tribe was sealed. Several of the other civilized tribes were removed ahead of the Cherokees. The Choctaws removal was tragic. The journey west was badly planned and badly carried out. An enormous number of Indians died in their removal. The Cherokee's removal was just as trajicculminating in the death of over four thousand Cherokees in what has come to be known as the trail of tears. Reasons for such a tragic outcome are numerous. Contaminated food and water supplied by government contractors accounted for a large portion of the deathtoll. The government and the contractors were, as always, motivated by economic variables. The cost of the removal was first and foremost on their agenda. Fatigue, poor logistical planning, to outright negligence are also contributing factors. The United States removed the first few thousand Cherokees by boat, but that proved to be so tragic that John Ross convinced the government to allow the tribe to manage the removal themselves and to allow them to make the journey acrossland. This proved not to be the answer as thousands more died of starvation,illness, and the elements as the US Army marched them across the western frontier. The Seminoles fought their removal from their lands by warring with The United States,but to no avail. The Seminoles were the only one of the five civilized tribes to resist American culture. They were fiercely independent. At the outset of the indian removal, the Seminoles split into factions, just like the Cherokees, opposing and favoring removal. They fought against each other and against their evictors, the US Army. Jackson's insistence that the Seminoles live under Creek rule in the west provoked the resistance amoung the Seminoles. Jackson's resistance in allowing the Seminoles to live independently out west precipitated hostilities which led to the Second Seminal War. The Seminoles held their own against the US. Army, mainly due to the fact that they used guerrilla tactics. Even after the majority of the tribe was captured, few were allowed to stay in order

Water In Barium Chloride Dihydiate Essays - Laboratory Equipment

Water In Barium Chloride Dihydiate Essays - Laboratory Equipment Water in Barium Chloride Dihydiate Introduction In this experiment we are trying to find the percentage of water in Barium Chloride Dihydiate. During the experiment you must pay close attention to everything done. We are going to try to stay below a 8 percent error. When timing, make sure you only have the crucible over the bunson burner for 10 minutes, no more, no less. Be aware of how dangerous this chemical can be, so please be careful. Located below is a list of all the materials you will need to complete this experiment. Please make sure you and you lab partner(s) know how to use this equipment. Equipment / Materials Goggles Bunson Burner Ring Stand Iron Ring Iron Triangle Iron Square Computer Computer Program Scale Chemical (BACL2) Scoop Crucible/Crucible cover Crucible Tongs Matches Safety You must pay close attention to everything at all times. Ladies with their hair not tied back should do so do to the fact that their hair could catch fire while using the bunson burner. Before you start the experiment, take notice to where all the safety equipment is. You must know where the fire extinguisher is, emergency shower/eye wash, and the call for help button. Make sure you are wearing your goggles while doing this lab. When washing out the crucible do not turn the water pressure up all the way because the water could splash back into your face. If an emergency does occur, please remain clam and think rationally. Procedure This experiment can be very exciting if you know what you are doing. Before I started the experiment, I set up my lab. I put together my Ring stand and attached the bunson burner up to the gas valve. Before I light the flame, I asked my partner to turn the two gas valves on while I light the flame with a match. Now that my flame was light, I adjusted the air flowing into the flame. Now I was ready to start with the experiment. When handling the crucible do not touch it with your hands, only use the crucible tongs. My partner cleared the scale and I weighed the crucible with its lid, and it came to 17.09. I removed the crucible and added the BACL2.2H2O. Placed the crucible and lid back on the scale and got the weight of 18.33. Now it was time to place the crucible over the bunson burner. I carefully placed the lid on the crucible and carry the crucible over to the bunson burner and placed it on the iron triangle and. And placed the crucible directly over the flame and set a timer to 10 minutes. While I was waiting for the experiment to finish, my partner decided that she wanted to start another experiment. So we prepared the scale and crucible and re-weighed everything. By the time we had finished, the alarm sounded and we quickly took the crucible off the flame. We left the crucible cool for another 10 minutes and then re-weight it and it came to 18.15. Christy started to put all the weights in the computer and to our big surprise we got a 0.23 experimental error and a 1.59 percent error. We were so glad that the experiment went to well that we let it get to our head. We thought we would do even better on our next experiments, but we were wrong. Our percentages started to raise and we realized that we were not doing something right. We noticed that we were not watching the clock and completely messed up the experiment. Percent of water in Barium Chloride Dihydrate Experiment Mass of Crucible and Cover17.09 Mass of Crucible, Cover and BACL2.2H2O 18.33 Mass of Crystallized BACL2.2H2O 1.24 Mass of Crucible and Cover 17.09 Mass of Crucible, Cover and Anhydrous BACL2 18.15 Mass of Anhydrous BACL2- 1.06 Mass of Crucible, Cover and BACL2.2H2O- 18.33 Mass of Crucible, cover and Anhydrous BACL2- 18.15 Mass of water lost by heating-.18 Percent water in Crystallized BACL2.2H2O-14.52 Theoretical Percent of H2O in BACL2.2H2O14.75 Mass of Crystallized BACL2.2H2O-1.24 Mass of Anhydrous BACL2 1.06 Mass of water lost by heating.18 Experimental Error-.23 Percent Error1.59 Error Most of my error was caused by the fact of the flame not staying still in one spot. The ventilator on the ceiling was blowing air down onto the flame and caused the flame to flicker. Conclusion This experiment was very interesting and informative. We learned the value of paying attention to what we are doing and to not let our mines wonder.

600 case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

600 - Case Study Example Often patients with ischemic stroke develop should be assessed for a wide variety of medical physiological symptoms. Recent literature suggests that one of the greatest predisposing factors to ischemic stroke often related to cardiac problems and diseases; which as a result give rise to characteristic neurological problems. Symptoms of ischemic stroke varied and attributed to many factors. As Feigin (2005) points out, one or more of the observed risk factors may increase the chances of development of the disease, for most patients, there is no sure sign that a stroke would occur. Subsequently, Bharucha et al, (1988) also claimed that the most common risk of stroke is family history and age. Other studies also suggests that other important predisposing risk factors to the disease include, patients with high blood pressure, which has since then been reported in 70% of medical patients, high level of cholesterol in blood, frequent cigarette smoking, diabetes mellitus, obesity, cardiovascular diseases in patients with history of occurrence of heart attack, vascular malformation and alcoholics. (American Heart Association, 2009) Equally, Sridharan, (1992) notes that acute stroke is a severe disease and as such 40% of the patients with stroke especially in acute stage often develop symptoms that are associated with speech difficulties or even difficulties in food swallowing experienced in varying degrees. George’s diagnosis revealed that he had speech related problems that could explain why his stroke would were at an acute stage and such fell into a coma. Despite these physical complications resulting from damage to brain tissue, other resulting complications cause by stroke include constipation, blood clot formation in the lower limbs, depression, pressure sore, swallowing disorders among others. Besides looking at the clinical symptoms characteristic of the disease, an examining doctor will look at the presence of predisposing risk factors of the disease

Internet and Technology Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Internet and Technology - Research Paper Example As such, this paper shall briefly discuss the functional and social benefits of the Internet, and then move on to elucidating its social disadvantages. In the end, this paper aims to reinforce its thesis that while the Internet has its positive social benefits, it should not be replaced with real, face-to-face social interactions. Benefits of the Internet The primary advantages of the Internet are rooted in its nature as a digital communication medium. In this regard, it can be claimed that the common benefits of the Internet may be grouped either as functional or social. There are three common functional benefits of the Internet. Firstly, the Internet allows for an easier and more comfortable access to a vast number of information second (Brey 4). As an example, through the presence of various search engines like Google and Yahoo! Search, people from all over the globe can access pertinent information about any topic in less than a second. This helps in enhancing people’s cog nitive skills. Secondly, The Internet makes it possible for people to efficiently and effectively transfer information (Brey 4). For example, with the increasing popularity of blog sites and social networking sites, almost anyone can create or disseminate online contents to their contacts or subscribers. Such maintains high level of awareness and interest on the most pressing societal issues. Lastly, the Internet facilities various communication formats among individuals from all parts of the globe. Examples of these formats include one-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many communication. Through this, freedom of expression is protected and practiced by giving every user a chance to impart his or her insights on the common societal happenings. On the other hand, there are four common social benefits of the Internet. Firstly, it helps develop and maintain good social relations. This usually happens when the Internet is used as a tool of communication for those who wish to maintain th eir closeness with their loved ones. For example, Skype is bridges communication gap by ensuring real-time communication. Secondly, the Internet contributes in the community formation and social organization by uniting people with same interests and likes. For example, there are various websites that cater to ‘passion groups’ like dancers, painters, and what not. As such, it often provides a fresh new approach for individuals to build and enhance social movements. Thirdly, the Internet also assists in one’s identity formation and psychological development by helping them ‘be what they really are’. In this sense, Internet’s capacity to allow for anonymity gives more freedom to the users. Lastly, the Internet paves the way for a better understanding not only of one’s culture, but of the culture of others, too. In this regard, through the vast information that are present in the Internet, anyone can search about history and art, allowing o ne to appreciate various cultural symbols and norms. Disadvantages of the Internet The Internet also has its share of negative effects to people and societies at large. Obviously, depending on the intention of its users, the Internet may be used to destroy one’s reputation and dignity. The primary disadvantage happens when online interaction is being replaced with tangible, face-to-face relationships. For example, when a person decides to engage more in online communication rather than real communication, he will slowly develop

Globalisation: The Food Industry In Philippines

Globalisation: The Food Industry In Philippines This study aims to explore how globalization has affected the food industry in the Philippines. By looking at the Nestle Company, the research paper seeks to look at Multinationals as agents of globalization and how they have affected the Philippines food industry. Research design/methodology: This study employs descriptive research method. This type of research approach involves data analysis, and a particular set of questions, which do not deflect certain topics. The researcher analyzed the data presented on the impacts of Nestle in the food industry in Philippines guided by specific designed questions. Findings: The study found out that Multinationals act as agents of globalization. By looking into the Nestlà © Company, the research found out that Multinationals act as agents of globalization affecting the food industry both negatively and positively. Limitations: The research employs primary and secondary data hence it would be difficult to find out whether the data is true or biased. Recommendations: In order to reach a generalized conclusion, more study needs to be conducted in this unexplored area of study. Value: Considering the rise of Multinationals, the paper will assist governments to be able to implement proper policies while dealing with Multinationals in their nation states. Key words:-MNC (Multinational Corporations), globalization, socialization, colonization, third world countries. Table of Contents Table of Contents 3 Introduction, Aims and Objectives, Research Questions and Hypothesis 4 1.1 Introduction 4 1.2 Overall Aims and Objectives of the research 9 1.3 Hypotheses: 10 Chapter 2: Literature Review 11 2.1 Introduction 11 2.1.1 Theory 11 Chapter 3: Methodology 21 3.1 Introduction 21 3.1 Research Design 22 Chapter 4: Data presentation, Evidence, Analysis and discussion 26 4.1 Introduction 26 4.2 Data analysis 26 4.2.1 T-Test Analysis 27 Chapter 5: Conclusion 33 5.5 Conclusion 33 5.4 Limitations of the study 35 5.6 Recommendations 35 Time Scale and plan 36 Questionnaire 38 List of References 42 Chapter One Introduction, Aims and Objectives, Research Questions and Hypothesis 1.1 Introduction This research paper is designed to assess the effects of globalization on the food industry in the Philippines. It is motivated by the controversies that have surfaced on the role of these Multinational Corporations (MNCs) as agents of globalization in the Philippines. Globalization has resulted in a lot of positive and negative impacts especially in the third world countries (Robertson, 1992). In the sector of agriculture, crops that have been imported can be bought at cheaper price than domestic products. Nations states like the Philippines, which depend on agriculture as their main export and import have suffered a lot as a result of globalization. The Philippine agricultural sector only accounts for 14.8% of the gross domestic product (GDP) (Frost, 2003). For instance, crops that are imported could be bought at a much cheaper price than value. This is because globalization has created the free trade area as stated by the World Trade Organizations. Hence, nation states with higher productivity in agriculture could dump their produce to their counterparts in the third world nation state. This means that the third world nation states will be given sub standard produce (Frost, 2003). By definition, globalization implies the movement of information and people across borders of any nation state. Consequently, this transfer has control over the nation-states political, environmental and cultural affairs (Dasgupta, 2004). Economically, globalization has been able to assist nation states to grow through the introduction of various Multinational Corporations like the Nestle. As a result, these foreign direct investments bring a lot of foreign exchange in the host nation state. This foreign exchange comes from the sell of Philippines agricultural produce and products in the international market. This is a positive effect in the economy of the nation state. However, in many Asian nation states like the Philippines, majority of the population are plagued with poverty. This means that these people are more willing to work and earn the lower wages that the MNCs (Multinational Corporations) would give them. As a result of globalization, many multinational corporations have set up their branches in these nation states. MNCs (Multinational Corporations) like Nestles have managed to set up their manufacturing facilities in these nation states to benefit from the cheap labor (Jensen, 2008). This has affected the food industry in the Philippines as many local food industries are able to access cheap labor for their industries. The new industries assist the poor nation states to solve their crisis of unemployment thus reducing poverty in the nation-state. In addition, this may help in increasing the living standard of the people and increasing the contribution that the lower class in the society makes in their GDP (Frost, 2003). This ensures that the local farmers are empowered from their agricultural products thus developing food industries in the Philippines. Furthermore, lower class is socialized to be able to consume the products produced by these multinational companies. This creates local market for the products from the food industries thus generating income (Robertson, 1992). Consequently, Nestle has become very significant in building a Food industry in the Philippines. From a negative perspective, globalization has resulted in Multinational Companies like the Nestle that tend to exploit their workers. This is especially in the poor nation states like the Philippines. This is mainly because such nation-states lack proper policies and regulations to ensure that the MNCs act accordingly (Jensen, 2008). This affects the local food industry because the domestic food industries are not able to maximize on the Philippine market like their international counterparts. Most Multi nationals aim at reducing their expenditure costs while remaining competitive to the domestic market. Furthermore, most of these MNCs destroy the environment in the host countries because of lack of proper environmental policies (Athukoralge, 2007). For instance, in the fiscal year 1980, a US chemical business Union Carbide in India endured very poor working environment. The chemicals in the end resulted in explosions that killed very many people (Athukoralge, 2007). These companies seek to not only capture but also to control the resources of the host nation state. This affects the food industry because the destruction of the environment leads to the destruction of food crops and the amount of rainfall that may come in the Philippines. Consequently, this reduces the crop yields of that year. With this background, it is imperative to note that this research will employ Nestle, to depict the impact of globalization in the food industry in Philippines. The research will look into both the harmful and positive characteristics of globalization by looking into Nestlà ©s affairs in the Philippines (Nestle Philippines, 2011). Presently, the Nestle is known as a very established organization globally. The company has various food and beverages amongst its list of products. Past cases will be employed to depict the impact that globalization has in the Philippines food industry. Background The economy of Philippines heavily depends on agriculture for survival. The country of Philippines has a high level of education and literacy rate. The economy of the Philippines is relatively strong with moderate savings rates. It has been ranked as the 46th nation state globally economic wise. Additionally, the nation state has an export oriented agricultural sector (Nestle Philippines, 2011). Consequently, this has resulted in the generation of sufficient foreign exchange for the economy. Despite the fact that it was rich in natural resources, the economy of Philippines is agrarian and produces staple food to support the economy. However, the country had started growing economically with the entry of major corporations like Nestle. The Philippians industrial sector was increasing at a very fast pace. Consequently, the nation state was named as one of the nations with the utmost salary earnings in the Southeastern part of Asia (Divina Roldan, 2010). Many changes in the Philippines have been brought about because of globalization. Furthermore, globalization through MNCs has brought vast penetration of technologies and vast penetration. This has affected the food industry as more farmers are able to venture in the food industry availing more products to the consumers. The Nestle Company began from a simple idea into a giant multinational corporation. In 1866, a pharmacist named Henri formulated a food formula for babies who could not be able to tolerate breast milk. As a result, the products became so successful that the entire Europe demanded for the product (Nestle Philippines, 2011). Because of the popularity, great companies desired to merge with it. Between 1866 and 1947, the company had changed its name severally to suit the mergers. For instance, in 1905, a company named Farine Lactee Henri Nestle and Anglo-Swiss condensed milk Co merged with Nestle to create Nestle Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Co. These consolidations permit a company to improve on the efficiency of production through scale economies. In addition, these mergers result in the closing down of firms that are less efficient. This is normally seen as a very fast way for companies to expand on their product offering and in turn gain market share. Furthermore, some companies engage in mergers and acquisitions to block other companies from becoming greater players in the market. Most of the food manufacturers enter the foreign markets through foreign direct investments like in the Philippines. The Nestle Company has been able to stay successful for a very long time. Consequently, this has created room for them to be able to expand their markets globally making them the worlds greatest beverage and food industry (Schwarz, 2003). The Nestle Company has made the food industry to orient itself more to its customers rather than themselves. The advanced technology has enabled them to know the interests of the consumers and thus make products that can suit their needs. Agricultural goods like spoilt milk that could not be used has now been turned into a tradable substance because of globalization. Their headquarters is locates in Vevey, Switzerland (Nestle Philippines, 2011). However, most of the companys industries are located in many parts of the world. Since the publication of the companys case in 1998, Nestle has, managed to employ nearly 230000 people worldwide. Currently, the number has increased to 253000 people and over 88 billion dollars of sales. This means that the com pany is increasing on an annual basis. Additionally, the company has managed to increase their products that they offer to their customers. Their business strategy has been mainly to encourage the growth of their products through various innovations and renovations. Consequently, the strategy has enabled the company to be able to create many other products like breakfast cereal, baby food, dairy products, chocolates, ice creams, prepared foods and beverages. The company has also diversified to produce pet foods, food services and water that are bottled. This means that the Nestle Company has managed to set the pace for the standard of food to be consumed by the Filipinos. Eventually, food regimes have come up to check on the standard of food that is being produced in the Philippines. Currently, Nestle Philippines has been able to employ over 3200 employees and support thousands of people indirectly. Nestle has managed to establish three factories and a fourth one is coming. The company claims to provide the Filipinos with products that will bring a healthy and happier life. In addition, the Multinational Company endeavors to become good and caring to the corporate citizens and in ensuring that the welfare of the Filipinos is taken care of (Divina Roldan, 2010). The Nestle Company has had several accusations on its exploitation of workers in the food industry. In 2002, the rights of more then 600 workers was violated by Nestle in the Cabuyao factory (Cabuyao workers briefing, 2009). The workers desired to enforce their rights and to negotiate with the managers on their retirement benefits. This was because the Multinational had not included retirement benefits on their employment contract at Nestle. However, the Nestle management purported that it was the companys decision to decide whether or not they would give their workers the benefits (Cabuyao workers briefing, 2009). The Supreme Court of Philippines gave justice to the workers and stated that retirement benefits ought to be a subject to be discussed by both parties. Despite all this, the Multinational has not complied with the ruling. As the set pacers in the food industry, the Nestle has made other food industries like the MacDonalds to follow suit. 1.2 Overall Aims and Objectives of the research Globalization has significantly affected food industry in most developing nation states. This is because of the liberalization of the economy and great technological advances. Through various Multinational Corporations like the Nestle, globalization has managed to occur in nation states like the Philippines. This has affected the food industry in many ways both positively and negatively. The colonial structures set by the European powers ensured that the economies of these developing nation states entirely relied on the developed nations (Jensen, 2008). This has made the economies of the third world nation states like the Philippines heavily rely on developed nations for economic prosperity. Against this backdrop, this research desires to look into the effects of globalization in the food industry in the Philippines. By looking into the Nestlà ©, the research seeks to look into these corporations as agents of globalization and how they have affected the food industry in third world countries like the Philippines. To achieve this aim, the research outlined the following objectives: To know the strategies that Multinationals like nestle employ to gain maximum profits. To identify if the Nestle collaborates with the mother nation state (Switzerland) to gain maximum profits in the Philippines. To know the role of colonization in ensuring that third world nation states like the Philippines had weak economies. To know how globalization has affected the tastes of the local people thus affecting the food industry. 1.3 Hypotheses: Hypothesis 1: Globalization has been able to impact the food industry by affecting their tastes of the local people. Hypothesis 2: The Nestle multinational has led to a decline in the local food industries through their effective strategies Hypothesis3: Effective strategies have assisted the Nestlà © Multinational to be able to gain maximum profits in the Philippines. Chapter 2: Literature Review 2.1 Introduction This part of the dissertation seeks to review the literature concerned with the effects of globalization in developing nation states. It is here that the various theories that talk about globalization are discussed. Furthermore, the various literatures on the impacts of globalization and multinationals are reviewed. 2.1.1 Theory To explain this research topic, many theories have been proposed. In any disciplinary research, it is imperative that a theoretical framework that discusses the problems affecting this research is employed. In addition, the theoretical framework will assist in formulating the necessary research questions for designing the research study. It refers to various collections of interrelated concepts such as a theory (Kaplan, 1964). Although various literatures have been able to cover broad diversity of theories, the theory of world systems will be employed to explain globalization and its impact on food industry in the Philippines. The theory emphasizes on the fact that the systems of the world ought to be the basic unit of analysis. The theory refers to the international labor division and this is the basis of globalization. According to the theory, the world is split into the semi periphery, the periphery and the core nation states. The core nation states center on having high skilled l abor and a production that is capital intensive. The rest of the nation states have low skilled labor with a production that is labor intensive. In addition, they specialize on the extraction of minerals. This explains how the process of globalization has emerged in the world (Chase-Dunn, and Grimes. 1995). The nation states with capital and high technology have been able to move into nation states that have labor and no capital. The system changes rapidly because of globalization and individual countries can be able to lose their status as core nation state very fast because of changes. The theory was formulated by Immanuel Wallenstein in 1978 (Wallerstein, 1974). Wallenstein has been able to trace this theory to the 15 century where the feudal economy in Europe went through a major crisis but was changed into a capitalist society. This is what globalization has done to developing nation states. It has been able to transform developing nation states like the Philippines into a capi talist one (Jensen, 2008). This is by opening up the markets and allowing the establishment of foreign investments in the country. The food business has managed to exist even before civilization took place. The advancement of this trade in the 16th and 17th centuries was mostly premised on the discovery of commodities that were geographically specific and tropical plant products (Brenner, 1982). It is agriculture that made the developed nation states become powerful as they sold their agricultural produce to international markets. Wallenstein purports that that the nation states in Europe were able to employ the advantages they had like technology to dominate other nation states economies. They were able to spread the capitalist economy and industrialization resulting in unequal development (Jensen, 2008). Agricultural globalization was seen as a means through which they could construct their economy. In capitalist globalization, jobs and capital move from one nation state to another. This is mainly from the nations that are rich (the core) to the developing nation states (periphery). This made them created thei r own industries that could process food premised on what could be gotten from the local raw materials. Capitalist corporations like the Nestle in Philippines have increased exploitation by paying less money to their staff in developing nation states (Wallerstein, 1974). Globalization is referred to as capitalism but on an international level. In an economy that is globalized, the economic activities of the nation state exist. This is because of an exchange in notions, services, labor forces and technical advances. This has made people do business globally, travel and communicate with each other. The theory can be perceived in the same way as Karl Marx saw class. This means that ownership is compared to non ownership as the means of production. The nation states classified as the core possess and control the main means of production. That is why the core nations are able to dominate the developing nation states. The periphery countries do not own much of the means of production in the world. This is irrespective of the fact that they carry out higher level of the production works. Like in any other class system in many nation states, there exist class positions in the world that lead to uneven wealth distribution. The core nation states get the greatest share of the surplus production (Wallerstein, 1974). Despite owning the raw materials and labor, the periphery nations receive the least of their production. In addition, the core nation states are able to buy raw materials and other goods from the nation states at a cheaper price. The core nation states demand the periphery n ations to buy the products at a higher price. The Nestle was able to gain access in the Philippines because the Multinational comes from the nation state in the core. The Nestle employs the cheap labor from the developing nation states and their raw materials. Wallenstein argues that in the twentieth century, the world systems theory had reached its limits geographically (Wallerstein, 1974). This is because state systems that were capitalist in nature and capitalist markets were extended to all other regions. The United States rose to become a hegemonic power. This means that it had political as well as economic powers. These newly independent nation states were able to confront the control of the core in the entire century (Borines, 2001). Some of the states that had gained independence decided to confront the cores dominance by improving the status of their economy. In the 19th century, liberalism took over as the ideology. It was designed with the hope that there will be equal share markets and individual rights. It also desi red to advance the economic status of the nation states. This is what Wallenstein calls, the transition period. However, the period has been brought about divisions and unequal wealth distribution in the world. Technology is the factor that makes the core nation states to remain in their dominant position. Wallensteins theory has attracted a lot of criticism. The theory has focused a lot on the economy instead of the culture of the nation states. These critics can be categorized in four ways. First of all, the orthodox Marxist who argue that the world systems theory has moved away from the principles of Marxism. This has been depicted in the way the concept of social class has not been given much gravity (Wallestein, 2004). Secondly, the positivists have criticized the theory for being too prone to generalization. The world systems theory is devoid of quantitative data and has failed to put forth propositions that can be contradicted by an observation. Thirdly, the state autonomists have criticized the theory by saying that there lacks a boundary between businesses and the state. All the critics purport that the state should be regarded as the focal point of analysis. Other critics like Brenner have purported that prioritizing the world market means that the local struggles amongst the classes and structures ought to be neglected (Brenner, 1982). 2.1.2 Positive of globalization in the Philippines food industry Globalization refers to the increase in interdependence amongst various business firms in the economies of various nation states in the world. The change agent of this nation state is normally businesses that are owned by various multinational organizations. A Multinational Corporation is an enterprise that involves itself in the management of production in more than one nation state (Tolentino, 2000). Furthermore, Multinationals deliver various services in many other nations. Many scholars have researched on the impacts of globalization in the food industries of many developing nation states. For example, according to Dasguta (2004) globalization has resulted to a rise in products that are consumed in different nation states. Consequently, this results in the rise of many food industries that compete against each other to try and meet the demands of their customers. Eventually, globalization has resulted in increased competition amongst the food industries. This in turn has culminat ed to a greater level of independence to global companies for both global collaboration and economic activities. Harley (2006) argues that most companies have begun to operate globally on an economic scale. According to his studies, the revenue of the company in their nation state was regarded as the highest in their country of origin in the past. However, in this present time, the opposite of the above statement is deemed to be true. Scholars have written on earliest form of globalization. Berberoglu, (2005) purports that since the 1400; globalization took place in the form of capitalism. During this period, the Europeans began forming colonies that could supply them with raw materials and cheap labor for their products. The economies of most developing nation states were developed in such a way that they supplied for the requirements of the integral nation states that existed in the global system that was capitalist in nature (Berberoglu, 2005). The rising trend of markets, finances, services and goods that are interconnected have resulted in the trend of globalization. This has created development in technology as afar as food industry is concerned. In addition, the rise in the stature of multinational companies in developing nation states has influenced the economical, cultural and political aspects of many nation states. In the economic dimension, globalization revolves around the accumulation of capitalism a s the current trend. This is clearly depicted by the widespread labor division that exists in the world, raising numbers of industries within the MNCs and the movement of capital globally from one nation state to another (Suarez-Villa, 2012). Through colonization, these nation states were able to get countries at the periphery like the Philippines to supply all that they need for their economy to expand. This affected the food industry as it made the Philippines become dependent on the developed nation states. The Filipinos grow their own food only to be processed in the developed nation states because of lack of better technology to do the job. In turn, the Filipino farmers get little from their produce while the multinationals get a lot of money. American exploited the Filipinos by forcing them to work for them and buying their produce. This provided cheap labor and market for the American products. The Americans prioritized on accumulating the wealth, industries and the capital o f the Filipinos (Borines, 2001). Harley (2006) argues that for these Multinationals to remain competitive globally, they mostly aim at reducing their costs and prices. This works concurrently with their desire to produce goods of a high standard. Companies look to third world nation states as their centers of operation. They see their firms as a way to benefit from the third world nation states as they would gain a working force that is skilled/unskilled with very low cost. This has been achieved by setting up their operations in nation states like Philippines, Malaysia and India. Borine (2001) argues that colonization left the economy of Philippines in a very weak state. This meant that despite the fact that they were granted sovereignty by the Americans; the Philippines were still not sovereign in their economy. Borines (2001) purports that most of these developing nation states had to rely on the American markets for survival. The economy of the Philippines is highly dependent on agriculture and three quarters of the poor Filipinos depend on agriculture for their livelihood (Borines, 2001). As more and more firms become global, the numbers of competitors increase. In addition, the intensity of the competition increases too. In these nation states, the MNCs have access to untapped markets that will increase their volume of products (Billet, 1991). In addition, these firms have access to a manufacturing low cost base for their exports to the surrounding markets. These multinationals like Nestles have opened up the Philippine food industry to the international market. This has created new opportunities for the Filipino farmers to be able to trade on an international scale. With an increasing population of over 80 million, about 60% of the Philippine populations lives live below the poverty line. The poverty level in the nation state has brought a lot of corruption or exploitation by various Multinationals. In order to reduce the costs, these companies employ exploitation methods to be able to hurt the workforce or damage the environment. Carbaugh (2010) purports that multinational corporations search for places where they can be able to access labor that is inexpensive in order to build their factories. For example, United Fruit is a multinational banana producing corporation in Honduras. The region was chosen because of pursuit of cheap raw materials and labor (Carbaugh, 2010). Normally, these companies are aware of the situations in a nation that will cause them be able to attract maximum gains. These Multinationals are not required to follow any guidelines that may be present in their countries of origin (Rachman, 2008).This means that some of them operate in developing nation states without taking heed to the local regulations concerning businesses. In addition, these companies engage in activities that increase their cost of operation. A weak legal and regulatory system will result in exploitation of labor and resources in the developing nation state. Most developing nation states like Philippines hope that through Multinationals, globalization would transform their poor economy into an active participant in the global economy. As a result, globalization has been able to transform this nation state by increasing the employment opportunities (Rachman, 2008). This is because more foreign companies have come into the Philippines to assist in its ailing economy. This affects the food industry as it avails the necessary labor required. Globalization has resulted to other consequences. First of all, globalization makes nation states that have different value systems are able to try to win each other in the same level (Dasgupta, 2004). This means that different nation states set up structures and policies that will be able to attract more foreign investors in their nation. Globalization has resulted in greater mobility of capital and workers in the international market. Consequently, this has led to a global market place where there has been an increase in the opportunity for employees, customers and managers of the company. For instance, the coming of Nestle Company to the Philippines brought in capital for erecting factories and offices (Local Philippine Context, 2010). Foreign workers were granted an opportunity to work in Philippines. This gives them a greater exposure internationally. However, the entry of Nestle in the Philippines has been able to create an intense level of competition with the local market. The local market is left to compete with the global giant for markets shares and revenues. The most basic requirement of individuals is food. This means that most multinationals that deal with food like the Nestle have very great power. Being the worlds leader in the manufacturing of baby food, the Nestle Company has managed to open up the fo od industry in making baby foods (Borines, 2001). This is despite the various practices like corruption and monopoly that are deemed to be misguided. The Nestle has introduced new techniques of processing like condensation and roller drying. Consequently, this has led to a surplus of cheap milk in the Philippines. The Nestlà © Company commenced exporting its milk to developing nation states in the fiscal year 1873. 2.1.3 Negative aspects of globalization Like in other developing nations, globalization has changed the culture of most Filipinos thus bring obesity to the children and adults. In the fiscal year 2008, the National Statistics Coordination Board revealed that 26.6% of Filipino adults were obese. This has increased by 10% from 1993(ABS-CBN, 2011). 6.6% of children of age 5 to 10 years have b Modern Organizations | Globalization and the Environment Modern Organizations | Globalization and the Environment This essay is based on organizations internal and external environment in todays modern economy. It also discusses the drivers of globalization and effects of globalization on organizations environment. Firstly, it is important to understand the definition of globalization as there are many definitions. Secondly, the drivers of globalization are discussed in this essay including the history, aim and role of World Trade Organization. Further, the relationship between organizations internal and external environment in global market is analyzed. It also highlights the changes that organizations have to face when going global. However, it is very challenging as an organization can control their internal environment but can not control the external environment. An early description of globalization was penned by the American entrepreneur-turned-minister Charles Taze Russell who coined the term ‘Corporate Giants in 1897. However, it was not until the 1960s that the term began to be widely used by economists and other social scientists. It had achieved widespread use in the mainstream press by the later half of the 1980s. Since its inception, the concept of globalization has inspired numerous competing definitions and interpretations. Globalization refers to the shift towards a more integrated and interdependent world economy. Globalization has several different facets including the globalization of markets and globalization of products (Hill, 2004).Globalization has led to increasingly integrated markets across the world, changing the competitive environment in which firms operate. In the face of international competition in domestic and foreign markets, the least productive firms may be forced into bankruptcy while the most productive ones will take advantage of new business opportunities in foreign markets (IMF). Globalization attracts increasing interest and importance in contemporary world affairs. It also inspires passionate supporters and critic (BBC). Globalization is the process of increasing the connectivity and interdependence of the worlds markets and businesses. This process has speeded up dramatically in the last two decades as technological advances make it easier for people to travel, communicate, and do business internationally. In general, as economies become more connected to other economies, they have increased opportunity but also increased competition. Thus, as globalization becomes a more and more common feature of world economics, powerful pro-globalization and anti-globalization lobbies have arisen. The pro-globalization lobby argues that globalization brings about much increased opportunities for almost everyone, and increased competition is a good thing since it makes agents of productio n more efficient (investorwords, 2009). The two most prominent pro-globalization organizations are the World Trade Organization and the World Economic Forum. The World Trade Organization is a pan-governmental entity (which currently has 144 members) that was set up to formulate a set of rules to govern global trade and capital flows through the process of member consensus, and to supervise their member countries to ensure that the rules are being followed. The World Economic Forum, a private foundation, does not have decision-making power but enjoys a great deal of importance since it has been effective as a powerful networking forum for many of the worlds business, government and not-profit leaders. The anti-globalization group argues that certain groups of people who are deprived in terms of resources are not currently capable of functioning within the increased competitive pressure that will be brought about by allowing their economies to be more connected to the rest of the world. Important anti-globalization organizat ions include environmental groups like Friends of the Earth and Greenpeace; international aid organizations like Oxfam; third world government organizations like the G77; business organizations and trade unions whose competitiveness is threatened by globalization like the U.S. textiles and European farm lobby, as well as the Australian and U.S. trade union movements. There are four main elements and drivers of globalization: globalization of markets, globalization of production, technology innovation and falling of barriers to trade and investment which is analyzed in more depth including the role and aim of WTO. Globalization of markets refers to the merging of national markets into one huge global marketplace. Now selling internationally is easier due to falling barriers to cross-border trade. A company doesnt have to be the size of these multinational giants to facilitate and benefit from the globalization of markets. It is important to offer a standard product to the worldwide. But very significant differences still exist between national markets like consumer tastes, preferences, legal regulations, cultural systems. These differences require that marketing strategies in order to match the conditions in a country. Globalization of production refers to the sourcing of goods and services from locations around the world to take advantage of national differences in the cost and quality of factors of production. The idea is to compete more effectively offering a product with good quality and low cost. For example, Nike is considerate one of the leading marketers of athletic shoes and apparel on the world. The company has some overseas factories where has achieved a super production with low cost. Unfortunately Nike has been a target of protest and persistent accusations that its products are made in sweatshops with poor working conditions. The company has signaled a commitment to improving working conditions, but in spite of the fact, the attacks continue. Technological changes have achieved advances in communication, information processing, and transportation technology, including the Internet and the World Wide Web (www). The most important innovation has been development in the microprocessors after that global communications have been revolutionized by developments in satellite, optical fiber, and wireless technologies, and now the Internet and the www. The rapid growth of the internet and the associated www is the latest expression of this development. Besides, innovations have occurred in the field of the transportation technology. The development of commercial jet aircraft has reduced the time needed to get from one location to another. Now New York is closer to Tokyo than ever. Another example of technological change would be websites such as ebay.com where any individual can sell any item to anyone in the world; it is essentially the biggest garage sale ever. A third example of technological change would be production; in the 1900s people were making products largely by hand. Today, machines can whip out a dozen sweaters in an hour and make them higher quality. This way the global market can demand more products at a higher quality. The falling of barriers to international trade enables firms to view the world as their market. The lowering of barrier to trade and investments also allows firms to base production at the optimal location for that activity. Thus, a firm might design a product in one country, produce a component parts in two other countries, assemble the product in another country and then export the finished product around the world. The lowering of trade barriers has facilitated the globalization of production. The evidence also suggests that foreign direct investment is playing an increasing role in the global economy. For example, Panama is now allowed to trade Pharmaceuticals, foods, and school supplies without suffering a tariff. Also, any other import is subject to only a 5% tariff as opposed to the previous 8%. Decreasing and lowering of the trade and investment hurdles internationally is one of the important reasons of globalization. After the establishment of the world trade organization in which many countries participated due to the free trade agreements in the countries around the world. After the establishment of GATT (General Agreement of Tariff and Trade) it is the trade agreement between the countries that are willing to carry the free trade around the world. The aim of these tariffs was to protect the local industries of those countries. But now the scholars of prosperity have though that the world would be become more peaceful and good place to live in when all the countries and their representatives coordinate with each other. The benefit of this is to the countries who do not have much source to utilizes their resources so that they can attract the large foreign investment in their countries. The WTO provides a forum for negotiating agreements aimed at reducing obstacles to international trade and ensuring a level playing field for all, thus contributing to economic growth and development. The WTO also provides a legal and institutional framework for the implementation and monitoring of these agreements, as well as for settling disputes arising from their interpretation and application. The current body of trade agreements comprising the WTO consists of 16 different multilateral agreements (to which all WTO members are parties) and two different plurilateral agreements (to which only some WTO members are parties). Over the past 60 years, the WTO, which was established in 1995, and its predecessor organization the GATT have helped to create a strong and prosperous international trading system, thereby contributing to unprecedented global economic growth. The WTO currently has 153 members, of which 117 are developing countries or separate customs territories. WTO activities are supported by a Secretariat of some 700 staff, led by the WTO Director-General. The Secretariat is located in Geneva, Switzerland, and has an annual budget of approximately CHF 200 million ($180 million, â‚ ¬130 million). The three official languages of the WTO are English, French and Spanish. Decisions in the WTO are generally taken by consensus of the entire membership. The highest institutional body is the Ministerial Conference, which meets roughly every two years. A General Council conducts the organizations business in the intervals between Ministerial Conferences. Both of these bodies comprise all members. Specialized subsidiary bodies (Councils, Committees, Sub-committees), also comprising all members, administer and monitor the implementation by members of the various WTO agreements. More specifically, the WTOs main activities are: Negotiating the reduction or elimination of obstacles to trade (import tariffs, other barriers to trade) and agreeing on rules governing the conduct of international trade (e.g. antidumping, subsidies, product standards, etc.) Administering and monitoring the application of the WTOs agreed rules for trade in goods, trade in services, and trade-related intellectual property rights Monitoring and reviewing the trade policies of our members, as well as ensuring transparency of regional and bilateral trade agreements Settling disputes among our members regarding the interpretation and application of the agreements Building capacity of developing country government officials in international trade matters Assisting the process of accession of some 30 countries who are not yet members of the organization Conducting economic research and collecting and disseminating trade data in support of the WTOs other main activities Explaining to and educating the public about the WTO, its mission and its activities. The WTOs founding and guiding principles remain the pursuit of open borders, the guarantee of most-favoured-nation principle and non-discriminatory treatment by and among members, and a commitment to transparency in the conduct of its activities. The opening of national markets to international trade, with justifiable exceptions or with adequate flexibilities, will encourage and contribute to sustainable development, raise peoples welfare, reduce poverty, and foster peace and stability. At the same time, such market opening must be accompanied by sound domestic and international policies that contribute to economic growth and development according to each members needs and aspirations. (WTO, 2009) An organizations internal environment is composed of the elements within the organization, including current employees, management, and especially corporate culture, which defines employee behavior. Also organizations resources, its capabilities and competencies make up the internal environment of the organization. The internal environment plays a crucial role in the strategic management process of the organization. (Hill, 2004) Although some elements affect the organization as a whole, others affect only the manager. A managers philosophical or leadership style directly impacts employees. Traditional managers give explicit instructions to employees, while progressive managers empower employees to make many of their own decisions. Changes in philosophy and/or leadership style are under the control of the manager. To analyze the internal and external environment of an organization SWOT analysis is carried out to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The Internal Analysis of strengths and weaknesses focuses on internal factors that give an organization certain advantages and disadvantages in meeting the needs of its target market. Strengths refer to core competencies that give the firm an advantage in meeting the needs of its target markets. Any analysis of company strengths should be market oriented/customer focused because strengths are only meaningful when they assist the firm in meetin g customer needs. Weaknesses refer to any limitations a company faces in developing or implementing a strategy. Weaknesses should also be examined from a customer perspective because customers often perceive weaknesses that a company cannot see. The external environment in which an organization operates presents both threats and opportunities. Growth or decline in international trade, national protectionism and regional trading blocs are some examples of the political and economic environment, which have considerable impact on the marketing of the maritime industry. There are different ways of classifying the types of external environment that usually just reflect the preferences of different authors, but there are some core types which are always identified. Your Kotler et al. (2004) text provides a comprehensive classification of the external environments, which it refers to as the macro-environment, as listed below: demographic environment, economic environment, natural environment, technological environment, political environment, cultural environment, technological environment, administrative/legal environment. Administrative/Legal Environment The administrative and legal environment in a country provides a framework within which an organization operates. In some countries this environment is very restrictive and has significant impact on all aspects of the organization; in other countries the administrative/legal context is more permissive. Understanding the administrative/legal environment is essential to determining if organizational change can take place. The administrative context within which the organization operates may be shaped by a unique combination of forces, including international, governmental, nongovernmental policy, legislative, regulatory, and legal frameworks. An organization is affected by the policy or regulatory context that gave rise to it. This includes specific laws and regulations that support or inhibit the institutions development. Technology Environment Both the types and the level of technology in the society give insight into understanding an institution. Institutions dealing with Western paradigms are dependent on the state of national infrastructure, e.g. power, water, transport; those which concentrate on indigenous research paradigms may have totally different dependencies. Thus, it is important to understand the level of relevant technology in the institutional context and whether such technology is defined by computer literacy or by highly developed indigenous methods of verbal and nonverbal communication. It might also be helpful for an assessment to include a consideration of the process by which new technology comes into use, both to understand how difficult it is to acquire needed research technologies and to develop an appreciation for the societys willingness to embrace both new knowledge and change. Political Environment The economy and legal system of a country are shaped by its political system. As such, it is important that organizations understand the nature of different political systems. Political system means system of government in a nation. Political system can be assessed according to two related dimensions. The first the degree to which they emphasize collectivism as apposed to individualism. The second dimension is the degree to which they are democratic or totalitarian. These dimensions are interrelated; system that emphasize collectivism tend toward totalitarian, while system that place a high value on individualism tend to be democratic. Economic Environment In the economic environment, the organizational analysis should centre on those aspects of the economic system that directly impact the type of project being considered. For example, inflation, labour laws, and opportunity costs for researchers in public institutions directly impact organizational activities in different countries. Countries with foreign currency restrictions represent different environments for institutions than countries without them, for such restrictions have ramifications for research, e.g. for equipment procurement and maintenance. Social and Cultural Environments Social and cultural forces at local, national, and often regional levels have profound influence on the way organizations conduct their work and on what they value in terms of outcomes and effects. For example, the mores of an indigenous culture have a bearing on the work ethic and on the way in which people relate to one another. Undoubtedly, the most profound cultural dimension is language. The extent to which organizational members can participate in the discourse of the major scientific language will determine the extent to which research efforts focus inwardly or contribute to regional and global research agendas. Understanding the national/regional/local values toward learning and research provides insight into the type and nature of research that is valued. For example, what is the relative priority placed on contract research in partnership with local clients, e.g. testing products and procedures with indigenous populations, as opposed to sharing information with academic pee rs internationally, or generating biostatistician data that will shape national or regional policy. Arriving at these priorities involves culture-based decisions. Organizational architecture can be used by multinational enterprises to manage and direct their global operations. To succeed, a firm must match its architecture to its strategy in different ways. Firms whose architecture does not fit their strategic requirements will experience performance problems. It is also necessary for the different components of architecture to be consistent with each other (Hill, 2004). Organizational architecture refers to the totality of a firms organization, including formal organizational structure, control systems and incentives, processes, organizational culture, and people. An organization should be able to analyze their internal environment including their capabilities before they decide to go global. It requires different know-how of the new geographical market and an organization would need to make necessary changes in internal environment to enter the new geographical market successfully. References http://www.cliffsnotes.com/WileyCDA/CliffsReviewTopic www.imf.org www.wto.org www.bbc.co.uk www.Investorwords.com Culture in Mexico | Essay Culture in Mexico | Essay Mexico The country that we had chosen was Mexico. One interesting fact about Mexico is that the country is the 11th most populated country in the world , around 117 million people. The relationship between Mexico and the United States are that they are two countries that share maritime and a land board in North America. Before, Mexico and the United States had a war, that war was called the Mexican War. The war was about Mexico invading the United States, was an armed conflict between the two countries. The official name for Mexico is the United Mexico States. The continental location of Mexico is North America. Mexicos bordering countries are the United States (to the north) and Belize and Guatemala (to the south). The area of Mexico in square miles are 758,400 mi ². The economics of Mexicos energy industry are petroleum industry, oil companies, gas stations, natural gas, coal gas, electrical power industry, electricity generation, electric power distribution, coal, nuclear power, renewable energy industry, alternative energy, sustainable energy, hydroelectric power, wind power, solar power, alternative fuels, and firewood. The manufacturing in Mexico is highly skilled workforces such as engineering, supervisors, and professionals. Because of the highly skilled workforce the competitiveness id at a high level around the world. The primary language the Mexico speaks is Spanish and English. The holidays the are celebrated in Mexico are Cinco de Mayo, honored for the Battle of Puebla, Diez y Seis, honored for the Independence Battle for Mexico, Day of the Dead, for the ancestors of the Mexican culture., etc. The education in mexico is currently controlled by Secretariat of Public Education. The education standards are based on a Ministry at any level in school. The levels in the education have three steps, the steps are primary school (grade 1-6), junior high school (grade 7-9), and high school (grades 10-12). The typical Mexican diet food that is popular is the chicken and fried rice, usually as a main protein as fish and topped with chili. The diet actually depends on what region you are in. The most common cuisine dish is a mix of indigenous and spanish influences. Even though most mexicans prefer/continue to eat more native foods, such as, corn, beans, and peppers. The difference of Mexicos and the United States includes family, religion, education, nationality, personal sensitivity, personal appearance, and status. Mexico also came up with different cultures causing a set of distinctive beliefs. Some interesting facts about Mexico is that Mexicos official name is Estados Unidos Mexicanos, which means United Mexican States. The first press printer used in mexico was in 1539. Millions of monarch butterflies migrate to mexico each year, from United States and Canada destroying their habitat. Mexico City was built over the remains of Aztec, Tenochtitlan. Modern Mexico citizens are a unique mix of different ancient races including Olmec, Zapotec, Toltec, Maya, Aztec, Inca, African, French and Spanish. Mexico is located in the Ring of Fire. Mexico introduced chocolate, corn, and chilis to the world. The largest monument is the Pyramid of Cholula in Mexico. Mexico is second to Brazil in the number of Catholic citizens. Mexico is the most populated Spanish-speaking country in the world and the United States is the second. One sport in Mexico that is in our slides is the Mayan Sport. The Mayan sport is the try to get a rubber ball without making it touch your hands then they have to try to get the rubber ball through one of the rings. The only reason why you cant use your hands is because the rings are high and it would be an advantage. The  winners are rewarded with a large feast. The clothing in Mexico is very unique in many different ways. The types of clothing is quechquemitl, huipiles, puebla dresses, for women and sombreros, sarapes, and guayaberas for men. Quechquemitl can be compared to a poncho, they clothing is used for special occasions. Huipiles represent lots of personality and is usually worn for everyday events. Puebla dresses are used everyday and are becoming more popular in the United States. Sombreros are one the most common Mexican garment. Sarapes are very colorful and serves a functional purpose. Guayaberas is made of lightweight cotton and are pastel colored shirts. Mexico is one of the most populated countries in the world. Filled up with over 117 million people. Mexico and the United States are share a maritime and a land which border. I hope you have learned a bit about Mexico and the countrys culture.